Edema in the eye after cataract surgery

Macular edema after cataract surgery: a comprehensive review

What is macular edema after cataract surgery?

Post-cataract macular edema (CME) is a rare but potentially serious complication that can occur after cataract surgery. This condition causes an accumulation of fluid in the center of the retina, called the macula, which is responsible for sharp and central vision. This fluid accumulation can cause blurred vision, distortions in vision and a decrease in visual acuity.

What are the risk factors for CME?

The risk factors for CME are not fully known, but factors such as:

Existing eye inflammation: People with inflammatory eye diseases, such as uveitis or uveitis, are at increased risk of CME after cataract surgery.
Diabetes: People with uncontrolled diabetes are at increased risk for CME.
Vascular disease: People with vascular disease, such as hypertension or heart disease, are at increased risk for CME.
Complex cataract surgery: Complex cataract surgery, such as surgery in cases of advanced cataract or an eye with previous damage, may increase the risk of CME.
Use of certain medications: Use of certain medications, such as steroids or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), may increase the risk of CME.

What are the symptoms of CME?

The symptoms of CME may appear several days to weeks after cataract surgery. The most common symptoms include:

Blurred vision: decrease in visual acuity, especially in the central vision.
Distortions in vision: straight lines may appear bent or wavy.
Faded Colors: Colors may appear less vibrant or faded.
Difficulty seeing at night: decreased vision in poor lighting conditions.

How is CME diagnosed?

A CME diagnosis is usually made by an eye examination by an ophthalmologist. The doctor will examine your eyes using a slit lamp and may perform additional tests, such as an eye test and OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography).

How is CME treated?

Treatment for CME depends on the severity of the symptoms. Treatment options include:

Steroid eye drops: These eye drops can help reduce the inflammation and fluid accumulation in the center of the retina.
Oral medications: In more severe cases, it may be necessary to take oral steroid medications.
Intraocular injections: In particularly severe cases, it may be necessary to inject steroid drugs directly into the eye.

CME Prognosis:

The prognosis of CME varies depending on the severity of the condition and prompt treatment can help improve the chances of a full recovery. However, in some cases, vision loss may be permanent.

Prevention of CME:

The best way to prevent CME is to undergo cataract surgery by a skilled and experienced ophthalmologist. In addition, it is important to follow your eye doctor’s instructions after surgery and report any side effects you experience immediately.